the steps shown in Listing 33-1 to transferyour (Web site translator)
the steps shown in Listing 33-1 to transferyour public key to the remote system. After youenter each command, you re prompted for yourpassword on the remote system. In the example, substitute your user name onthe remote system for freddie, and the name(or IP address) of the remote system forbastille. Passing on your passphraseIf you did all that work to avoid typing in a pass- word, why should you have to enter a passphraseinstead? The passphrase unlocks your private keyfor use when you log in to a remote system. Withouta passphrase, your private key would be exposed onyour local machine for anyone to see. If you do a lot of work on a remote machine, add the passphrase to your startup procedureand create desktop shortcuts to save you timelogging in and out. The following steps explainhow to arrange for KDE or GNOME toprompt you for the passphrase when you login to your desktop environment. See CreatingShortcuts to Your Favorite SSH Locations forinformation about creating desktop shortcuts. If you re in an environment where security iscrucial, never walk away from your computerwithout first logging out. A troublemaker whowalks up to your unattended computer canimpersonate you if you re logged in. If you fol- low the steps described in this section, anyonewith physical access to your computer can alsouse your private key while you re logged in. 1.Open a command line, type the following com- mand, and press Enter: $ ssh-keygen -t rsaYou re prompted to enter a file to save the key in. 2.Press Enter, and SSH will find a good place forthe file. You re prompted for a passphrase. 3.Enter a good password. Check out the sidebar Choosing good pass- words, later in this chapter, for some ideasabout choosing passwords. 4.Enter the same passphrase again to verify it. Remember the passphrase; you ll need it later. SSH acknowledges that it has created your keypair and displays the filenames where the keysare saved. ssh-keygenalso issues a key finger- print, but you can ignore that for now. To use yourkey pair with SSH, you need to distribute thepublic key, which we explain how to do in thenext section. Distributing your public keyBefore you can use your key pair to log in to an SSHserver, you have to copy your public key into your~/.sshdirectory on the server. The easiest way toget your key to the server is to use the scpcommand. Don t share anything but your public key bye-mail. The private key is always kept private, encrypted on your system. LISTING33-1: HANDINGOUTYOURPUBLICKEY$ ssh freddie@bastille mkdir .ssh Password: $ ssh freddie@bastille cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys2 < .ssh/id_rsa.pubPassword: $ ssh freddie@bastille chmod 700 .ssh .ssh/authorized_keys2 Password: $
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